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　 The third edition of Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach should have been easy to write. After all, our quantitative approach hasn't changed, and we sought to continue our focus on the basic principles of computer design through two editions. The examples had to be updated, of course, just as we did for the second edition. The dramatic and ongoing advances in the field as well as the creation of new markets for computers and new approaches for those markets, however, led us to rewrite almost the entire book. The pace of innovation in computer architecture continued unabated in the six years since the second edition. As when we wrote the second edition, we found that numerous new concepts needed to be introduced, and other material designated as more basic. Although this is officially the third edition of Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach, it is really our fifth book in a series that began with the first edition, continued with Computer Organization and Design:The Hardware/Software Interface (COD:HSI), and then the second edition of both books. Over time ideas that were once found here have moved to COD:HSI or to background tutorials in the appendices. This migration, combined with our goal to present concepts in the context of the most recent computers, meant there was remarkably little from the second edition that could be preserved intact, and practically nothing is left from the first edition.

Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Computer Design

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The Changing Face of Computing and the Task of the Computer Designer

1.3 Technology Trends

1.4 Cost, Price, and Their Trends

1.5 Measuring and Reporting Performance

1.6 Quantitative Principles of Computer Design

1.7 Putting It All Together: Performance and Price-Performance

1.8 Another View: Power Consumption and Efficiency as the Matric

1.9 Fallacies and Pitfalls

1.10 Concluding Remarks

1.11 Historical Perspective and References

Exercises

Chapter 2 InStruction Set Prindples and Examples

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Classifying Instruction Set Architectures

2.3 Memory Addressing

2.4 Addressing Modes for Signal Processing

2.5 Type and Size of Operands

2.6 Operands for Media and Signal Processing

2.7 Operations in the Instruction Set

2.8 Operations for Media and Signal Processing

2.9 Instructions for Control Flow

2.10 Encoding an Instruction Set

2.11 Crosscutting lssues:The Role of Compilers

2.12 Putting It All Together:The MIPS Architecture

2.13 Another View: The Trimedia TM32 CPU

2.14 Fallacies and Pitfalls

2.15 Concluding Remarks

2.16 Historical Perspective and References

Exercises

Chapter 3 Instruction-Level Parallelism and Its Dynamic Exploitation

3.1 Instruction-Level Parallelism:Concepts and Challenges

3.2 Overcoming Data Hazards with Dynamic Scheduling

3.3 Dynamic Scheduling: Examples and the Algorithm

3.4 Reducing Branch Costs with Dynamic Hardware Prediction

3.5 High-Performance Instruction Delivery

3.6 Taking Advantage of More ILP with Multiple Issue

3.7 Hardware-Based Speculation

3.8 Studies of the Limitations of ILP

3.9 Limitations on ILP for Realizable Processors

3.10 Putting It All Together: The P6 Microarchitecture

3.11 Another View: Thread-Level Parallelism

3.12 Crosscutting lssues: Using an ILP Data Path to Exploit TLP

3.13 Fallacies and Pitfalls

3.14 Concluding Remarks

3.15 Historical Perspective and References

Exercises

Chapter 4 Exploiting Instruction-Level Parallelism with Software Approaches

4.1 Basic Compiler Techniques for Exposing ILP

4.2 Static Branch Prediction

4.3 Static Multiple Issue: The VLIW Approach

4.4 Advanced Compiler Support for Exposing and Exploiting ILP

4.5 Hardware Support for Exposing More Parallelism at Compile Time

4.6 Crosscutting Issues: Hardware versus Software Speculation Mechanisms

4.7 Putting It All Together:The Intel IA-64 Architecture and Itanium Processor

4.8 AnotherView: ILP in the Embedded and Mobile Markets

4.9 Fallacies and Pitfalls

4.10 Concluding Remarks

4.11 Historical Perspective and References

Exercises

Chapter 5 Memory Hierarchy Design

Chapter 6 Multiprocessors and Thread-Level Parallelism

Chapter 7 Storage Systems

Chapter 8 Interconnection Networks and Clusters

Appendix A Pipelining: Basic and Intermediate Concepts

Appendix B Solutions to Selected Exercises

Appendix C A Survey of RISC Architectures for Desktop, Server, and Embedded omputers

Appendix D An Alternative to RISC:The Intel 80X86

Appendix E Another Alternative to RISC:The VAX Architecture

Appendix F The IBM 360/370 Architecture for Mainframe Computer

Appendix G Vector Processors Revised by Krste Asanovic

Appendix H Computer Arithmotic by David Goldberg

Appendix I Implementing Coherence Protocols

References

Index

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　 The third edition of Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach should have been easy to write. After all, our quantitative approach hasn't changed, and we sought to continue our focus on the basic principles of computer design through two editions. The examples had to be updated, of course, just as we did for the second edition. The dramatic and ongoing advances in the field as well as the creation of new markets for computers and new approaches for those markets, however, led us to rewrite almost the entire book. The pace of innovation in computer architecture continued unabated in the six years since the second edition. As when we wrote the second edition, we found that numerous new concepts needed to be introduced, and other material designated as more basic. Although this is officially the third edition of Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach, it is really our fifth book in a series that began with the first edition, continued with Computer Organization and Design:The Hardware/Software Interface (COD:HSI), and then the second edition of both books. Over time ideas that were once found here have moved to COD:HSI or to background tutorials in the appendices. This migration, combined with our goal to present concepts in the context of the most recent computers, meant there was remarkably little from the second edition that could be preserved intact, and practically nothing is left from the first edition.